This book contains material that should interest students of electrical engineering and computer science specializing in digital communications and also practicing electrical engineers who apply digital communications techni- ques to telecommunication systems, digital radio, digital satellites, fiber optics, and the physical layer of computer networks. This book is an outgrowth of lecture notes prepared over a number of years at various universities. In the earlier years I benefited immensely from t 5 the excellent textbooks and monographs in preparing my notes. - With passing time I had to...

The objective of the book is to provide sufficient background and understand- ing to enable its readers to design and apply switched capacitor circuits whether these are to be implemented as discrete circuits or by MOS technol- ogy. Since this is the first book devoted entirely to the subject of switched capacitor circuits, it has no pattern to follow. Fortunately, it was developed in an environment where many of the circuits and concepts it discusses could actually be integrated as MOS integrated circuits. It is hoped that this environ- ment has created a selection process that has enhanced...

Flat-Panel Displays and CRTs, a review of electronic information display devices, is the first sys- tematic and comprehensive coverage of the subject. It is intended to distill our wealth of knowledge of flat-panel displays and CRTs from their beginnings to the present state of the art. Historical perspective, theory of operation, and specific applications are all thoroughly covered. The field of display engineering is a multidisciplined technical pursuit with the result that its individual disciplines suffer from a lack of communications and limited perspective. Many previ- ously developed...

In the development of telecommunication networks throughout the world, digital transmission has now replaced analog transmission as the predominant choice for new transmission facilities. This trend began in the early 1960s when the American Telephone and Telegraph Company first introduced pulse code modulation as a means of increasing capacity in their cable plant. Since that time, digital transmission applications have grown dramatically, notably in the United States, Canada, Japan, and Western Europe. With the rapidity of digital transmission developments and imple- mentation, however,...

The action of enzymes fascinated mankind long before they were rec ognized for the complex chemicals that they are. The first application of these remarkable compounds to produce ethanol by fermentation is lost to antiquity. Payer and Persoz (Ann. Chim. Phys., 53, 73 (1833ii)) appear to have provided the first step toward understanding this com plex area when they reported the isolation of diastase in 1833. These workers showed that diastase could catalyze the hydrolysis of starches to sugars. Somewhat earlier Kirchhoff (Schwigger's Journal, 4, 108 (1812)) had shown that a small amount of...

Catalysis involves just about every field of scientific study. This means that a multidisciplinary approach is needed in catalytic studies. Catalysis involves breaking and forming new bonds and this requires an under standing of either adsorption by bonding to an extended structures or bonding in a coordination sphere. Any understanding of catalytic action must necessarily involve an understanding of this bonding. Even 200 years ago scientists were aware that a properly treated mate rial, such as charcoal, could adsorb an enormous quantity of gas. In 1812, de Sassasure (English translation,...

Semiconductors have been used widely in signal-level or "brain" applications. Since their invention in 1948, transistors have revolutionized the electronics industry in computers, information processing, and communications. Now, however, semiconductors are being used more and more where consid- erable "brawn" is required. Devices such as high-power bipolar junction tran- sistors and power field-effect transistors, as well as SCRs, TRlACs, GTOs, and other semiconductor switching devices that use a p-n-p-n regenerative effect to achieve bistable action, are expanding the power-handling horizons...

Chapter I describes deposition as a basic microelectronics technique. Plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) is a technique widely accepted in microelectronics for the deposition of amorphous dielectric films such as silicon nitride and silicon oxide. The main advantage of PECVD stems from the intro- duction of plasma energy to the CVD environment, which makes it possible to promote chemical reactions at relatively low temperatures. A natural extension of this is to use this plasma energy to lower the temperature required to obtain a crystalline deposit. This chapter discusses the...

As each area of technology with a potential for significantly impacting any major segment of the electronics industry evolves, it often is accompanied by the development of a succession of new circuits. Each new circuit indeed appears different, employing different components in differing configurations, and claims an assortment of distinct features of "improved performance. " Without a considerable investment of laboratory time to construct, evaluate, and compare each candidate circuit, it usually is difficult to realistically appraise the relative merits of one approach over another. It...

Antennas are part of every radar, every communications system, and every electronic warfare system. Therefore antennas are an important technical subject. The number of antenna books that have been published in the last 5 years alone attest to this fact. But why another book about antennas? What does this book offer that is different from all the others? The answer is: accessibility. Most of the technical literature on antennas is written for those with extensive backgrounds in electromagnetic theory and familiarity with the mathematical language of vector analysis, differential equations,...