In this thesis, the focus is on the study of new catalytic properties of unsupported nanoporous metals in heterogeneous organic reactions under liquid-phase conditions. The author was the first to fabricate nanoporous copper with tunable nanoporosity and apply it for organic reactions. The catalyst can be reused up to ten times without loss of catalytic activity. In addition, the author developed the highly selective semihydrogenation of alkynes using nanoporous gold as a catalyst for the first time, affording Z-alkenes in 100% selectivity, which cannot be realized by traditional catalysts....
In this thesis, the focus is on the study of new catalytic properties of unsupported nanoporous metals in heterogeneous organic reactions under liquid...
Dijet Angular Distributions in Proton-Proton Collisions is based on the first data from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. The volume is based on a classical Rutherford scattering experiment adapted to the LHC, presenting the measurement of scattering angles to search for new physics and substructure.
Dijet Angular Distributions in Proton-Proton Collisions is based on the first data from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. The volume is based o...
Framed by a statistical physics perspective, this volume describes both the process of self-assembly and the impact of spatial organization on the function of membrane proteins. Using methods from equilibrium and non-equilibrium statistical mechanics, the text demonstrates the importance of the protein-protein interactions.
Framed by a statistical physics perspective, this volume describes both the process of self-assembly and the impact of spatial organization on the fun...
The common belief is that light is completely reflected by metals. In reality they also exhibit an amazing property that is not so widely known: under some conditions light flows along a metallic surface as if it were glued to it. Physical phenomena related to these light waves, which are called Surface Plasmon Polaritons (SPP), have given rise to the research field of plasmonics.
This thesis explores four interesting topics within plasmonics: extraordinary optical transmission, negative refractive index metamaterials, plasmonic devices for controlling SPPs, and field enhancement...
The common belief is that light is completely reflected by metals. In reality they also exhibit an amazing property that is not so widely known: un...
Can we detect the moons of extrasolar planets? For two decades, astronomers have made enormous progress in the detection and characterisation of exoplanetary systems but the identification of an "exomoon" is notably absent. In this thesis, David Kipping shows how transiting planets may be used to infer the presence of exomoons through deviations in the time and duration of the planetary eclipses. A detailed account of the transit model, potential distortions, and timing techniques is covered before the analytic forms for the timing variations are derived. It is shown that habitable-zone...
Can we detect the moons of extrasolar planets? For two decades, astronomers have made enormous progress in the detection and characterisation of exopl...
This book provides a detailed description of photofunctionalization of molecular switch based on pyrimidine ring rotational isomerization in copper complexes bearing two bidentate ligands. The most important features of this work focus on the properties associated with the rotational isomerization based on the two possible coordination geometries at the copper center derived from two nitrogen atoms on the unsymmetrically substituted pyrimidine ring. The functions of systems such as dual emission and redox potential switching based on photo-driven rotation will be of particular interest to...
This book provides a detailed description of photofunctionalization of molecular switch based on pyrimidine ring rotational isomerization in copper co...
Diffusion in solids at moderate temperatures is a well-known phenomenon. However, direct experimental evidence about the responsible atomic-scale mechanisms has been scarce, due to difficulties in probing the relevant length- and time-scales. The present thesis deals with the application of X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy (XPCS) for answering such questions. This is an established method for the study of slow dynamics on length-scales of a few nanometres. The scattered intensity in the diffuse regime, i.e. corresponding to atomic distances, is very low, however, and so it has so far...
Diffusion in solids at moderate temperatures is a well-known phenomenon. However, direct experimental evidence about the responsible atomic-scale m...
This thesis deals with strongly luminescent lanthanide complexes having novel coordination structures. Luminescent lanthanide complexes are promising candidates as active materials for EL devices, lasers, and bio-sensing applications. The organic ligands in lanthanide complexes control geometrical and vibrational frequency structures that are closely related to the luminescent properties. In most of the previous work, however, lanthanide complexes have high-vibrational frequency C-H units close to the metal center for radiationless transition. In this thesis, the luminescent properties of...
This thesis deals with strongly luminescent lanthanide complexes having novel coordination structures. Luminescent lanthanide complexes are promising ...
Zaozao Qiu shows in this thesis that transition metals can mediate or catalyze the cycloaddition or coupling reactions of carboryne with alkynes or alkenes to afford benzocarboranes, alkenylcarboranes or dihydrobenzocarboranes. These results represent powerful strategies to assemble useful complex molecules from very simple precursors in a single operation. Carboranes have many applications in medicine. However, their unique structures make derivatization difficult and the limited efficient synthetic methods to obtain functional carborane materials have restricted applications of carboranes...
Zaozao Qiu shows in this thesis that transition metals can mediate or catalyze the cycloaddition or coupling reactions of carboryne with alkynes or al...
In his thesis, Xiaoyu Sun conducts the first total synthesis of all possible stereoisomers of plakortide E and also confirms the absolute configuration of natural plakortide E. Xiaoyu Sun subsequently converts Plakortide E methyl ester to plakortone B in a biomimetic conversion. Construction and functionalization of cyclic peroxides are notoriously difficult due to the very low O-O bond dissociation energy. Plaktoride E is isolated from the Jamaican marine sponge platorits halichondrioides and contains a five-membered peroxide ring, with oxygen atoms linked to tertiary C4 and C6 centers. The...
In his thesis, Xiaoyu Sun conducts the first total synthesis of all possible stereoisomers of plakortide E and also confirms the absolute configuratio...
