The Iron Rhine Arbitration (or 'Jzeren Rijn' as it is known in Dutch) decided, in 2005, a dispute between the Kingdom of Belgium and the Kingdom of the Netherlands concerning the reactivation of the Iron Rhine railway linking the port of Antwerp, Belgium, to the Rhine Basin in Germany across certain parts of Dutch territory. The Arbitral Tribunal was called upon to interpret nineteenth-century treaties, which granted certain rights to Belgium on the territory of the Netherlands, and to consider the entitlement of the Netherlands to insist on conditions specified under Dutch law, particularly...

In 1997, the arbitral tribunal established to resolve a dispute between Eritrea and Yemen invited the Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) to act as its Registry. This first major international arbitration to be administered by the PCA in decades marked a watershed in the process of revitalizing the nearly century-old organization. A mere eight years later, the PCA has a full and varied docket, not limited to disputes between sovereign States, involving parties of many different nationalities. These include a dispute between the Swiss-based Bank for International Settlements and its private...

FOREWORD This volume contains the Award rendered in 2004 in one of the few inter- tional watercourse arbitrations ever conducted, by the arbitral tribunal est- lished to decide the dispute between the Kingdom of the Netherlands and the Republic of France concerning the auditing of accounts in relation to the red- tion of chloride discharges into the Rhine River. In 1976, five countries bord- ing the Rhine (France, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Luxembourg and Germany) signed the Convention on the Protection of the Rhine against Pollution by Ch- rides, with the aim of reducing the level of...