The composer Franz Schubert (1797-1828) was not bereft of early advocates, from Schumann, Liszt, and Mahler to Sir George Grove. Brahms famously heralded Schubert as "the true successor to Beethoven." Nevertheless, it was not until the end of the twentieth century that Schubert's major instrumental works finally and fully emerged from Beethoven's shadow. Critics and scholars began to reinterpret Schubert's departures from Beethoven's formal and stylistic characteristics, and to see these departures not as flaws but as strengths and hallmarks of a new paradigm. Schubert's alternate...