The Manchester Physics Series General Editors: D.J. Sandiford; F. Mandl; A.C. Phillips Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester Properties of Matter B.H. Flowers and E. Mendoza Optics Second Edition F.G. Smith and J.H. Thomson Statistical Physics Second Edition F. Mandl Electromagnetism Second Edition I.S. Grant and W.R.

The Manchester Physics Series is a collection of textbooks suitable for an undergraduate degree course in Physics. Each book has been individually developed to provide a reliable, self-contained text for an up-to-date course. Each book can be used independently of the other books in the series, while the organization and scope of each book allows considerable flexibility in the selection and arrangement of different courses.