The Boundary Integral Equation (BIE) or the Boundary Element Method is now well established as an efficient and accurate numerical technique for engineering problems. This book presents the application of this technique to axisymmetric engineering problems, where the geometry and applied loads are symmetrical about an axis of rotation. Emphasis is placed on using isoparametric quadratic elements which exhibit excellent modelling capabilities. Efficient numerical integration schemes are also presented in detail. Unlike the Finite Element Method (FEM), the BIE adaptation to axisymmetric...

1. 1 AREAS OF APPLICATION FOR THE SHALLOW WATER EQUATIONS The shallow water equations describe conservation of mass and mo mentum in a fluid. They may be expressed in the primitive equation form Continuity Equation _ a, + V. (Hv) = 0 L(l;, v;h) at (1. 1) Non-Conservative Momentum Equations a M("vjt, f, g, h, A) = at(v) + (v. V)v + tv - fkxv + gV, - AIH = 0 (1. 2) 2 where is elevation above a datum (L) h is bathymetry (L) H = h + C is total fluid depth (L) v is vertically averaged fluid velocity in eastward direction (x) and northward direction (y) (LIT) t is the non-linear friction...

This book contains notes for a one-semester graduate course which is an introduction to the study of viscoelasticity and creep of concrete. Emphasis was set on the conceptual aspects rather than on the mathematical or computational refinements. The mathematical structure of viscoelasticity is discussed with some care because it clarifies the basic concepts and has important consequences in computa tional applications. Basic ideas are exemplified using the simplest problems and constitutive models in order to be able to show complete solutions. In the computational applications we have also...