Herbert Hornlein, Klaus Schittkowski The finite element method (FEM) has been used successfully for many years to simulate and analyse mechanical structural problems. The results are accepted or rejected by means of comparison of state variables (stresses, displacements, natural frequencies etc.) and user requirements. In further analyses the design variables will be updated until the user specifications are met and the design is feasible. This is the primary aim of the design process. On this set of feasible designs, the additional requirement given by an objective function (e.g. weight,...

Jim Douglas, Jr.' These proceedings reflect some of the thoughts expressed at the Oberwolfach Con- ference on Porous Media held June 21-27, 1992, organized by Jim Douglas, Jr., Ulrich Hornung, and Cornelius J, van Duijn. Forty-five scientists attended the conference, and about thirty papers were presented. Fourteen manuscripts were submitted for the proceedings and are incorporated in this volume; they cover a number of aspects of flow and transport in porous media. Indeed, there are 223 individual references in the fourteen papers, but fewer than fifteen are cited in more than one paper. The...

This book presents different formulations of the equations governing incompressible viscous flows, in the form needed for developing numerical solution procedures. The conditions required to satisfy the no-slip boundary conditions in the various formulations are discussed in detail. Rather than focussing on a particular spatial discretization method, the text provides a unitary view of several methods currently in use for the numerical solution of incompressible Navier-Stokes equations, using either finite differences, finite elements or spectral approximations. For each formulation, a...

This book is the official proceedings of a conference on Numerical Methods in Approximation Theory which was held at the Mathematisches Forschungs- institut in Oberwolfach during the week of November 24 30, 1991. It contains refereed and edited papers by 20 of the 49 participants. The book is dedicated to the memory of Prof. Lothar Collatz who main- tained a long and active interest in numerical approximation. It is the ninth in a series of volumes published by Birkhiiuser resulting from conferences on the subject held at Oberwolfach, and co-organized by Prof. Collatz. We now briefly describe...

This book collects research papers presented in the First Franco Romanian Conference on Optimization, Optimal Control and Partial Differential Equations held at lasi on 7-11 september 1992. The aim and the underlying idea of this conference was to take advantage of the new SOCial developments in East Europe and in particular in Romania to stimulate the scientific contacts and cooperation between French and Romanian mathematicians and teams working in the field of optimization and partial differential equations. This volume covers a large spectrum of problems and result developments in this...

Progress in different fields of mechanics, such as filtra- tion theory, elastic-plastic problems, crystallization pro- cesses, internal and surface waves, etc., is governed to a great extent by the advances in the study of free boundary problems for nonlinear partial differential equations. Free boundary problems form a scientific area which attracts attention of many specialists in mathematics and mechanics. Increasing interest in the field has given rise to the "International Conferences on Free Boundary Problems and Their Applications" which have convened, since the 1980s, in such...

The fields of boundary integral equations and of inequality problems, or more gen- erally, of nonsmooth mechanics, have seen, in a remarkably short time, a considerable development in mathematics and in theoretical and applied mechanics. The engineering sciences have also benefited from these developments in that open problems have been attacked succesfully and entirely new methodologies have been developed. The contact problems of elasticity is a class of problems which has offered many open questions to deal with, both to the research workers working on the theory of boundary integral...

This volume contains a collection of papers dealing with applications of orthogonal polynomials and methods for their computation, of interest to a wide audience of numerical analysts, engineers, and scientists. The applications address problems in applied mathematics as well as problems in engineering and the sciences.

The application of PDE-based control theory and the corresponding numerical algorithms to industrial problems have become increasingly important in recent years. This volume offers a wide spectrum of aspects of the discipline, and is of interest to mathematicians and scientists working in the field.

A collection of papers by international contributors describing new developments in the fields of univariate and multivariate approximation theory. This research has applications in areas such as computer-aided geometric design, as applied in engineering and medical technology (e.g. computerized tomography).