Variational Calculus, Optimal Control and Applications was the topic of the 12th Baltic Sea conference, traditionally an important meeting place for scientists from Eastern and Western Europe as well as the USA. This work contains contributions presented at that conference and addresses four problem complexes mostly motivated by practical problems. The starting points are often questions taken from flight dynamics. The first chapter deals with existence theory and optimality conditions needed for justification of, and used in, numerical algorithms. Analysis and synthesis of control systems...