The ?eld of nuclear physics is entering the 21st century in an interesting and exciting way. On the one hand, it is changing qualitatively since new experim- tal developments allow us to direct radioactive and other exotic probes to target nuclei as well as to sparko? extremely energetic nuclear collisions. In parallel, detector systems are of an impressive sophistication. It is di?cult to envisage all the discoveries that will be made in the near future. On the other hand, the app- cations of nuclear science and technology are broadening the limits in medicine, industry, art, archaeology,...

This is the revised edition of the WHO histological classification of oesophageal and gastric tumours. It reflects the important changes that have occurred since the first edition in the fields of lymphomas, endocrine tumours and the dysplasias as well as adding a number of newly described entities. it sets the international standard for the next decade.

Knowledge of tumours of the thyroid gland has advanced consider- ably in the 22 years that have elapsed since work was started on the first edition of Histological Typing of Thyroid Tumours. In the intro- duction to that volume it was recognized that the definitions and clas- sifications put forward would need revision in time, and the present text differs substantially from the first edition. As far as is possible, however, the framework of the classification proposed remains the same, as the original classification was widely accepted and proved useful in many studies. The link between the...

This classification is based primarily on the presence of morpho logically identifiable cell types and growth patterns that can be correlated with the clinical behaviour of the tumour and, in some cases, with tumour markers in the serum. Although some of the histological terms and definitions have histogenetic impli cations, this classification is not meant to be histogenetic. The terminology adopted for individual tumours is based on their general acceptance and world-wide usage. Synonyms are includ ed only if they have been widely used in the literature or if they are considered helpful in...

Since the first edition of Histological Typing of Tumours of the Eye and Its Adnexa, published in 1980, immunohistochemistry and find ings in molecular biology have contributed to our knowledge of the histogenesis of many tumours. These findings have been incorporat ed in this current text. The classification has been confined largely to true neoplasms. Tumour-like lesions (e.g. reactive lymphoid hyper plasia, pterygium, telangiectasia) are grouped with the benign tumours. Changes in nomenclature reflect an update in knowledge of morphological identification of cell types, behavioural...

This second edition updates the "WHO Classification of Endocrine Tumours" proposed in 1980 and incorporates many new tumour entities and pertinent concepts that have developed since that time. It is the result of a collaborative effort between 9 pathologists from different countries, in addition to informal contributions and discussions by many other colleagues. In particular, efforts have been made to integrate into the fundamental backbone of the histologic classification a number of prognostic and functional parameters now essential for appropriate diagnosis and clinicopathologic...

The 1973 WHO classification of bladder tumours anticipated a probable need for eventual revision of the criteria for diagnosing papillary and flat bladder neoplasia. A workshop sponsored by the WHO consisting of pathologists, urologists, cytologists, oncologists and basic scientists interested in bladder tumours addressed this subject, and after a follow- -up meeting sponsored by the International Society of Urological Pathology, the classification and terminology used in this text were agreed upon. A major change is in the introduction of a new category: papillary urothelial neoplasm of low...

Lung cancer is currently the most frequently diagnosed major cancer in the world and the most common cause of cancer mortality world- wide. This is largely due to the carcinogenic effects of cigarette smoke. Over the coming decades, changes in smoking habits will greatly influ- ence lung cancer incidence and mortality throughout the world. These changes may also impact upon the histological types of lung cancer. Tumour classification is important for consistency in patient treat- ment, and because it provides a basis for epidemiologic and biologi- cal studies. The previous WHO classification...

This classification represents a project aimed at bringing together the variety of ways thymic epithelial neoplasms have been classified. It focuses on their growth characteristics, and cytoarchitectural features . The classification, though restricted to the thymic region rather than the mediastinum in general, also covers neuroendocrine, germ cell, lymphoid, and stromal tumours, as well as tumour-like lesions and the neck tumours of thymic or related branchial pouch derivation.