This book offers a comprehensive review of the various options for improving the performance of overhead power lines in winter conditions, taking into account both mechanical and electrical aspects.

Experience within the CIGRE community reveals many strategies to protect overhead power lines from damage caused by heavy build-up of ice and snow or electrical issues such as insulator icing flashovers. The initial approach is to consider the predicted ice loads from the available databases. This is supplemented with some fundamental aspects of icing physics that affect accretion rate as...

This book offers a compact guide to IEC61850 systems, including wide-area implementation, as it has been applied to real substations worldwide. It utilises technical brochures and papers based on existing practice of IEC61850 systems that give stakeholders from different disciplines an understanding of systems in use, their features, how they are applied, and approach for implementation.

The book offers a holistic practical view considering all relevant interfaces and possibilities. It includes the different applications, practical implementation considerations and choices made for...