This is the first major study of the cultural role of grammatica, the central discipline concerned with literacy, language, and literature in early medieval society. Martin Irvine draws together several aspects of medieval culture--literary theory, the nature of literacy, education, Biblical interpretation, linguistic thought--in order to reveal the more far-reaching social effects of grammatica in medieval culture. The book is based on new and previously neglected sources, many of which have been edited from medieval manuscripts for the first time.

This volume gives an integrated view of how cultured animal cells are used for biopharmaceutical production.

This volume provides a complete description of the principles, methodologies and applications of monoclonal antibodies, one of the most exciting developments to occur in biotechnology in recent years, and a powerful technology for modern industry and science. The immune system and the role of the antibody are described and full details are given on how the hybridomas are formed, isolated, and maintained in culture such that the required antibody can be produced to a high degree of purity. The authors describe all the methodologies involved, all the reagents and solutions and all the assay...

The preparation and use of immobilized cells are topics of great interest in biotechnology. The range of applications is still expanding. This book gives a coherent overview, illustrated by specific references to carefully selected examples from literature. It includes discussion of the characteristics of immobilized cell preparations and of the types of reactors used, so that it is understandable to both engineers and biologists. Written by experienced teachers, the book uses a simple, direct style. It avoids specialized jargon and is highly readable.