Elizabeth Ann Dively Lauro discusses the theologian Origen's employment of three distinct senses of scriptural meaning within his exegetical theory and practice: somatic (bodily, factually historical), psychic (pertaining to the soul, a figurative call to shun vice and grow in virtue), and pneumatic (spiritual, revealing God's plan of salvation through Christ's Incarnation). Lauro first establishes that a correct understanding of the mechanics of Origen's exegesis is vital to an informed reading of his works, then cites Origen's theoretical foundations for each sense. She ultimately...

"What Did Ezekiel See?" analyzes the development of early Christian exegesis of Ezekiel 1, the prophet's vision of the chariot. It demonstrates that as patristic commentators sought to discern this text's meaning, they attended carefully to its very words, its relation to other biblical books, and the emerging Christian interpretive tradition. In the first six centuries of the common era, three dominant exegetical strands develop concurrently: one which finds in Ezekiel's vision confirmation of the unity of Old and New Testaments, a second which shows the significance of Ezekiel 1 for...

In the period between the councils of Nicea and Chalcedon in the fourth and fifth centuries, the faithful in the churches of the ecclesiastical district of Antioch were the beneficiaries of the ministry of the Word from distinguished pastors. Included in this ministry were homilies on the Old Testament by John Chrysostom and written commentaries by his mentor Diodore and his fellow student Theodore, and later by Theodoret. Though the biblical text was admittedly Jewish in origin, "the text and the meaning are ours," claimed Chrysostom; and the great bulk of extant remains reveals the pastoral...

The volume is a Festschrift offered to Charles Kannengiesser on the occasion of his 80th birthday and honours him for his numerous scholarly accomplishments. Its twenty-five contributions discuss some of the major issues pertaining to the reception and interpretation of the Bible in late antique Christianity and Judaism. They focus on the ways in which communities and individuals understood the Bible and interpreted its traditions to address their historical, social, and theological requirements. Since the Bible was by far the most important book during these centuries, a discussion of its...

Twelve leading scholars have collaborated on this unique volume, bringing their biblical and patristic expertise together to show how the first followers of Jesus used their own canonical scriptures to address concerns central to life in the Roman Empire. Sacred Scripture and Secular Struggles offers an overview of how early Christians approached and appropriated biblical texts in addressing wider societal issues of imperial power, slavery, the use of wealth, suicide and other fundamental issues brought about by the convergence of empire and ecclesia.

Why did early Christian authors interpret the biblical theophany narratives as manifestations of Christ? And how was this interpretation challenged by Augustine? This book explores the theological underpinnings of ancient Christian theophany interpretation, tracing its development into two major exegetical strands. Patristic exegesis of the theophanies involved polemic and the formation of Christian identity, the relationship between vision and spiritual transformation, and theological claims about knowing God through creation. While the christological interpretation developed within...

In The Intertextual Reception of Genesis 1-3 in Irenaeus of Lyons, Stephen Presley explores the intertextual nature of Irenaeus' interpretation of Genesis 1-3 by drawing on contemporary discussions on the topic. Irenaeus interprets the creation accounts, Presley argues, in continuity with the rest of the scriptural witness through a series of reading strategies including: a literary sense, prophetic fulfillment, typology, philological associations, organizational strategies, narratival arrangements, prosopological interpretation, illustrative identification, and general-to-particular...

This volume offers an appreciation of the value of intertextuality--from Greek, Roman, Jewish, and biblical traditions--as related to the post-apostolic level of Christian development within the second century. Not least of these foundational pillars is the certain impact of the Second Sophistic movement during this period with its insipient influence on much of early Christian theology's formation. The variety of these strands of inspiration created a tapestry of many diverse elements that came to shape the second-century Christian situation. Here one sees biblical texts at work, Jewish and...

In Exegeting the Jews: The Early Reception of the Johannine "Jews", Michael G. Azar analyzes the rhetorical function of the Gospel of John's "Jews" in the earliest surviving full-length expositions of John in Greek: Origen's Commentary on John (3rd cent.), John Chrysostom's Homilies on John (4th cent.), and Cyril of Alexandria's Commentary on John (5th cent.). While scholarship often has portrayed the reception history (Wirkungsgeschichte) of the Gospel's "Jews" as simply and uniformly anti-Jewish or antisemitic, Azar demonstrates that these three writers...

In The Church as Paradise and the Way Therein: Early Christian Appropriation of Genesis 3:22-24, Christopher A. Graham demonstrates that early Christian authors employed the words "paradise" and "way" as allusions to the expulsion narrative (Genesis 3:22-24) to signify that the benefits available in protological Paradise were once again accessible in and through Jesus and the Church. The centrality of the expulsion narrative in their literary milieus gave these authors confidence that readers would discern these allusions. After considering the reception of the expulsion in texts...