Introduction Stewart J. Brown; 1. Towards a spiritual empire: Christian exegesis of the universal census at the time of Jesus's birth Tiziana Faitini; 2. The 'servant of God': divine favour and instrumentality under Constantine, 318–25 Andrew J. Pottenger; 3. Imperium and the City of God: Augustine on Church and empire Gillian Clark; 4. The popes as rulers of Rome in the aftermath of empire, 476–769 Rosamond McKitterick; 5. Empire, ethnic election and exegesis in the Opus Caroli (Libri Carolini) (President's prize) Conor O'Brien; 6. Super gentes et regna: papal 'empire' in the later eleventh and twelfth centuries Benedict G. E. Wiedemann; 7. Emperor and church in the last centuries of Byzantium Ruth Macrides; 8. An English bishop afloat in an Irish Sea: John Bale, Bishop of Ossory, 1552–3 Stephen N. Tong; 9. Roman Imperium and the Restoration church Jacqueline Rose; 10. The Episcopal Church, the Roman Empire and the royal supremacy in Restoration Scotland Andrew Carter; 11. Concepts of Mission in Scottish Presbyterianism: the SSPCK, the Highlands and Britain's American colonies, 1709–40 Clare Loughlin; 12. Christianity and empire: the Catholic mission in late imperial China R. Po-Chia Hsia; 13. Providential empire? The established Church of England and the nineteenth-century British Empire in India (presidential address) Stewart J. Brown; 14. Special worship in the British Empire: from the seventeenth to the twentieth centuries Joseph Hardwick and Philip Williamson; 15. Queen Adelaide and the extension of Anglicanism in Malta Nicholas Dixon; 16. Claiming the land: the Church Missionary Society and architecture in the Arctic (Kennedy Prize) Emily Turner; 17. Anglican emigrant chaplaincy in the British Empire and beyond, c. 1840–1900 Rowan Strong; 18. Sisters and brothers abroad: gender, race, empire and Anglican missionary reformism in Hawai'i and the Pacific, 1858–75 Steven S. Maughan; 19. Ultramontate efforts in the Ottoman Empire during the 1860s and 1870s Maryam Kartashyan; 20. 'Britishers and Protestants': Protestantism and imperial British identities in Britain, Canada and Australia from the 1880s to the 1920s Géraldine Vaughan; 21. Englishness, empire and nostalgia: a heterodox religious community's appeal in the inter-war years Jane Shaw; 22. A triangular conflict: the Nyasaland Protectorate and two missions, 1915–33 David Thompson; 23. Social Anglicanism and Empire: C. F. Andrews's Christian socialism Philip Lockley.