Ubiquitous Computing: Smart Devices, Environments and Interactions

ISBN-13: 9780470035603 / Angielski / Twarda / 2009 / 512 str.

Poslad

Opis

This book provides an introduction to the complex field of ubiquitous computing Ubiquitous Computing (also commonly referred to as Pervasive Computing) describes the ways in which current technological models, based upon three base designs: smart (mobile, wireless, service) devices, smart environments (of embedded system devices) and smart interaction (between devices), relate to and support a computing vision for a greater range of computer devices, used in a greater range of (human, ICT and physical) environments and activities. The author details the rich potential of ubiquitous computing, the challenges involved in making it a reality, and the prerequisite technological infrastructure. Additionally, the book discusses the application and convergence of several current major and future computing trends. Key Features:

• Provides an introduction to the complex field of ubiquitous computing
• Describes how current technology models based upon six different technology form factors which have varying degrees of mobility wireless connectivity and service volatility: tabs, pads, boards, dust, skins and clay, enable the vision of ubiquitous computing
• Describes and explores how the three core designs (smart devices, environments and interaction) based upon current technology models can be applied to, and can evolve to, support a vision of ubiquitous computing and computing for the future
• Covers the principles of the following current technology models, including mobile wireless networks, service-oriented computing, human computer interaction, artificial intelligence, context-awareness, autonomous systems, micro-electromechanical systems, sensors, embedded controllers and robots
• Covers a range of interactions, between two or more UbiCom devices, between devices and people (HCI), between devices and the physical world.
• Includes an accompanying website with PowerPoint slides, problems and solutions, exercises, bibliography and further reading

Graduate students in computer science, electrical engineering and telecommunications courses will find this a fascinating and useful introduction to the subject. It will also be of interest to ICT professionals, software and network developers and others interested in future trends and models of computing and interaction over the next decades.

Spis treści

List of Figures xix

List of Tables xxiii

Preface xxv

Acknowledgements xxvii

1 Ubiquitous Computing: Basics and Vision 1

1.1 Living in a Digital World 1

1.2 Modelling the Key Ubiquitous Computing Properties 8

1.3 Ubiquitous System Environment Interaction 22

1.4 Architectural Design for UbiCom Systems: Smart DEI Model 26

1.5 Discussion 34

2 Applications and Requirements 41

2.1 Introduction 41

2.2 Example Early UbiCom Research Projects 41

2.3 Everyday Applications in the Virtual, Human and Physical World 53

2.4 Discussion 67

3 Smart Devices and Services 75

3.1 Introduction 75

3.2 Service Architecture Models 80

3.3 Service Provision Life–Cycle 91

3.4 Virtual Machines and Operating Systems 106

4 Smart Mobiles, Cards and Device Networks 115

4.1 Introduction 115

4.2 Smart Mobile Devices, Users, Resources and Code 115

4.3 Operating Systems for Mobile Computers and Communicator Devices 123

4.4 Smart Card Devices 126

4.5 Device Networks 128

5 Human Computer Interaction 135

5.1 Introduction 135

5.2 User Interfaces and Interaction for Four Widely Used Devices 138

5.3 Hidden UI Via Basic Smart Devices 143

5.4 Hidden UI Via Wearable and Implanted Devices 152

5.5 Human–Centred Design (HCD) 157

5.6 User Models: Acquisition and Representation 163

5.7 iHCI Design 167

6 Tagging, Sensing and Controlling 179

6.1 Introduction 179

6.2 Tagging the Physical World 180

6.3 Sensors and Sensor Networks 187

6.4 Micro Actuation and Sensing: MEMS 194

6.5 Embedded Systems and Real–Time Systems 199

6.6 Control Systems (for Physical World Tasks) 202

6.7 Robots 204

7 Context–Aware Systems 213

7.1 Introduction 213

7.2 Modelling Context–Aware Systems 216

7.3 Mobility Awareness 227

7.4 Spatial Awareness 229

7.5 Temporal Awareness: Coordinating and Scheduling 235

7.6 ICT System Awareness 238

8 Intelligent Systems (IS) 245
With Patricia Charlton

8.1 Introduction 245

8.2 Basic Concepts 246

8.3 IS Architectures 249

8.4 Semantic KB IS 263

8.5 Classical Logic IS 268

8.6 Soft Computing IS Models 271

8.7 IS System Operations 272

9 Intelligent System Interaction 279
With Patricia Charlton

9.1 Introduction 279

9.2 Interaction Multiplicity 279

9.3 Is Interaction Design 295

9.4 Some Generic Intelligent Interaction Applications 306

10 Autonomous Systems and Artificial Life 317

10.1 Introduction 317

10.2 Basic Autonomous Intra–Acting Systems 318

10.3 Reflective and Self–Aware Systems 322

10.4 Self–Management and Autonomic Computing 326

10.5 Complex Systems 332

10.6 Artificial Life 336

11 Ubiquitous Communication 343

11.1 Introduction 343

11.2 Audio Networks 344

11.3 Data Networks 347

11.4 Wireless Data Networks 350

11.5 Universal and Transparent Audio, Video and Alphanumeric Data Network Access 356

11.6 Ubiquitous Networks 360

11.7 Further Network Design Issues 365

12 Management of Smart Devices 379

12.1 Introduction 379

12.2 Managing Smart Devices in Virtual Environments 380

12.3 Managing Smart Devices in Human User–Centred Environments 404

12.4 Managing Smart Devices in Physical Environments 412

13 Ubiquitous System: Challenges and Outlook 421

13.1 Introduction 421

13.2 Overview of Challenges 422

13.3 Smart Devices 425

13.4 Smart Interaction 428

13.5 Smart Physical Environment Device Interaction 430

13.6 Smart Human Device Interaction 436

13.7 Human Intelligence Versus Machine Intelligence 441

13.8 Social Issues: Promise Versus Peril 444

13.9 Final Remarks 450

Exercises 451

References 452

Index 455

O autorze

Stefan Poslad holds a PhD in computing from the University of Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. He is currently a lecturer and a researcher in the Intelligent Communication Lab at QMUL He has extensive experience at developing and delivering course material in related areas and at applying ambient intelligent approaches involving agents, context aware, smart mobile devices and sensors.

Michael Berger has been involved in Computer Science research for the last 12 years, specializing in Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW), Distributed and Ubiquitous Systems as well as Multi–Agent Systems research.? Since 1997 Dr. Berger is a member of the Intelligent Autonomous Systems research group at Siemens Corporate Technology (CT) in Munich and is involved in several technical and team management functions, responsible for product developments in the telematics area and chair of several activities. Since 2002 Dr. Berger has been heading the technology and competence field "Mobile and Ambient Intelligence Technologies" within Siemens CT.

Robert M. Patton is a research associate with the Applied Software Engineering Research group of Oak Ridge National Laboratory.? He is currently the principle investigator of the Orion Project, which focuses on the application of intelligent software agents for sensor data fusion. In addition, Dr. Patton works on a number of different projects involving software agents, computational intelligence, and applications to information fusion.

Patricia Charlton has over 15 years of research experience in the field of Artificial Intelligence and Multi–Agent systems. This experience covers all aspects from project inception and proposal, through design and implementation, on to end user studies and field trials of the systems developed. This includes being prime coordinator of two large EU projects. Experienced in strategic, management and technical roles within Motorola Labs and author of over 50 papers in the field of AI and multi–agent systems and of 9 filed patents.

Blurb

This book provides an introduction to the complex field of ubiquitous computing

Ubiquitous Computing (also commonly referred to as Pervasive Computing) describes the ways in which current technological models, based upon three base designs: smart devices (mobile, wireless, service), smart environments (of embedded system devices) and smart interaction (between devices), relate to and support a computing vision for a greater range of computer devices, used in a greater range of (human, ICT and physical) environments and activities. The author details the rich potential of ubiquitous computing, the challenges involved in making it a reality, and the prerequisite technological infrastructure. Additionally, the book discusses the application and convergence of several current major and future computing trends. 

Key Features:

Describes how current technology models based upon six different technology form factors have varying degrees of mobility wireless connectivity and service volatility: (tabs, pads, boards, dust, skins and clay), and how they enable the vision of ubiquitous computing

Explores how the three core designs (smart devices, environments and interaction) can be applied, and how they  to and can evolve to, support a vision of ubiquitous computing and computing for the future

Covers the principles of the following current technology models, including mobile wireless networks, service–oriented computing, human computer interaction, artificial intelligence, context–awareness, autonomous systems, micro–electromechanical systems, sensors, embedded controllers and robots

Covers a range of interactions, between two or more UbiCom devices, between devices and people (HCI), between devices and the physical world.

Includes an accompanying website with PowerPoint slides, problems and solutions, exercises, bibliography and further reading

Graduate students in computer science, electrical engineering and telecommunications courses will find this a fascinating and useful introduction to the subject. It will also be of interest to ICT professionals, software and network developers and others interested in future trends and models of computing and interaction.