Wyniki wyszukiwania:

In the growth of towns and the revival of commerce, historians have seen the development of a bourgeois and capitalist Europe, but Pierre Riche reminds us that Carolingians saw a world of forest and wasteland, in which scattered castles and villages were

Pierre RichE traces the emergence of Europe from the seventh to the early eleventh century, the period that witnessed the rise, fall, and revival of the Carolinian Empire. It was during this time the first contours of a broad new civilization and the first visible signs of European unity are discernable.

Until the seventh century Europe was simply a geographic term; as Isidore of Seville defined it, Europe was "the space that extended from the river Don to Spain and the Atlantic." By the ninth century, however, Europe had gradually acquired a collective being with a shared identity....

This second collection of articles by Pierre Riche is concerned with the cultural history of Western Europe in the early Middle Ages, from the end of Antiquity up to the 11th century. Their particular concern is the history of education, notably intellectual education in the monastic and episcopal schools that existed before the rise of the university. The first papers deal with the transition from the Roman to the medieval period and with the Carolingian renaissance of intellectual activity, and are followed by a section focusing on the works of Gerbert of Aurillac. The following articles...