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Peter Burnett, Oregon pioneer and governor of California, had one of the most impressive resumes of any early leaders in the American West, yet failed at most of his pursuits. A former slaveholder, he could never seem to get beyond his single-minded goal of banning black people and other minorities from the West.

When they were brought to Oregon in 1844, Missouri slaves Robin and Polly Holmes and their children were promised freedom in exchange for helping develop their owner s Willamette Valley farm. However, Nathaniel Ford, an influential settler and legislator, kept them in bondage until 1850, even then refusing to free their children. Holmes took his former master to court and, in the face of enormous odds, won the case in 1853.
In "Breaking Chains," R. Gregory Nokes tells the story of the only slavery case adjudicated in Oregon s pre-Civil War courts Holmes v. Ford. Through the lens of this...

In 1887, more than thirty Chinese gold miners were massacred on the Oregon side of Hells Canyon, the deepest canyon in North America. Massacred for Gold, the first authoritative account of the unsolved crime, unearths the evidence that points to an improbable gang of rustlers and schoolboys, one only fifteen, as the killers. The crime was discovered weeks after it happened, but no charges were brought for nearly a year, when gang member Frank Vaughan, son of a well-known settler family, confessed and turned state's evidence. Six men and boys, all from northeastern Oregon's remote Wallowa...