Part I. Introduction to Epilepsy in Children 1 Basic Considerations of Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery 2 A Historical Review of Epilepsy Surgery and Its Application in Children 3 Epidemiology of Intractable Epilepsy in Children 4 Genetics in Epilepsy Surgery 5 Surgical Neuropathology of Pediatric Epilepsy 6 Epilepsy and Brain Plasticity 7 Effects of Seizures and Their Comorbidities on the Developing Brain 8 Ethical Considerations in Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery 9 Infantile and Childhood-Onset Catastrophic Epilepsy Syndromes 10 Epilepsy Surgery for Congenital or Early Brain Lesions Part II. Preoperative Assessment Section IIa. Preoperative Clinical and Neuropsychological Assessment 11 Intractable Epilepsy in Children and Selection of Surgical Candidates 12 Clinical Semiology in Preoperative Assessment 13 Preoperative Neuropsychological and Cognitive Assessment Section IIb. Preoperative Electrophysiological Assessment 14 Electroencephalography and Noninvasive Electrophysiological Assessment 15 Invasive Electrophysiological Monitoring 16 Extra- and Intraoperative Electrocortical Stimulation 17 Stereoelectroencephalography 18 Magnetoencephalography Section IIc. Preoperative Neuroimaging 19 Structural Brain Imaging in Pediatric Epilepsy 20 Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery 21 Application of Positron Emission Tomography and Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography in Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery 22 Multimodality Imaging and Coregistration Part III. Surgical Anatomy and Mapping Techniques 23 Cerebral Cortex: Embryological Development and Topographical Anatomy 24 Tractographic Anatomy of White Matter 25 Localization of Motor Cortex and Subcortical Pathways Using Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Diffusion Tensor Imaging 26 The Wada Test: Lateralization of Language and Memory 27 Language Lateralization and Localization: Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging 28 Localization of Eloquent Cortex and White Matter Tracts Under General Anesthesia 29 Cortical Stimulation and Mapping 30 Subcortical Mapping During Intracranial Surgery in Children Part IV. Surgical Treatment of Epilepsy Section IVa. Anesthesia 31 Anesthetic Considerations and Postoperative Intensive Care Unit Care in Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery 32 Pediatric Awake Craniotomy Section IVb. Intracranial Electrode Placement for Invasive Monitoring 33 Implantation of Strip, Grid, and Depth Electrodes for Invasive Electrophysiological Monitoring 34 Stereoelectroencephalography in Children: Methodology and Surgical Technique Section IVc. Temporal Lobe Epilepsy and Surgical Approaches 35 Mesial Temporal Sclerosis in Pediatric Epilepsy 36 Anteromesial Temporal Lobectomy 37 Selective Amygdalohippocampectomy 38 Surgical Management of Lesional Temporal Lobe Epilepsy 39 Surgical Management of MRI-Negative Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Section IVd. Extratemporal Lobe Epilepsy and Surgical Approaches 40 Surgical Management of Insular Opercular Epilepsy in Children 41 Focal Cortical Dysplasia: Histopathology, Neuroimaging, and Electroclinical Presentation 42 Surgical Approaches in Cortical Dysplasia 43 Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 44 Resective Epilepsy Surgery for Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 45 Extratemporal Resection and Staged Epilepsy Surgery in Children 46 Supplementary Sensorimotor Area Surgery 47 Rolandic Cortex Surgery 48 Anterior Peri-insular Quadrantotomy 49 Posterior Peri-insular Quadrantotomy 50 Tailored Extratemporal Resection in Children with Epilepsy 51 Surgical Management of MRI-Negative Extratemporal Lobe Epilepsy 52 Sur