Streaming for Cyber-secure Distributed Additive Manufacturing

ISBN-13: 9783985553235 / Angielski / Miękka / 198 str.

Moritz Kolter

Opis

The vulnerabilities of global supply chains to disruptions, due to volatilities in demand and supply have been highlighted by events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. With increasing volatility, resilience within supply chains has become paramount. Therefore, Distributed Manufacturing (DM) is gaining traction as it enhances flexibility and mitigates risks in supply chains. Notably, Additive Manufacturing (AM) aligns well with DM principles because it is not primarily driven by economies of scale. However, implementing AM in DM requires the orchestration and transfer of manufacturing information across multiple dispersed production hubs. This requirement raises significant cybersecurity concerns regarding the potential loss of confidential intellectual property and data integrity.Streaming is a potential solution for securely sharing manufacturing information for AM within DM contexts. Initial research has demonstrated the feasibility of streaming in AM applications. However, existing studies primarily focus only on Material Extrusion (MEX). Moreover, the approaches do not consider the DM context, e.g., by means of different supply network structures or interfirm relationships. Thus, the effects of streaming on the stakeholders in the supply chain and a holistic view on cybersecurity of sharing AM manufacturing data in DM is missing. This thesis introduces a novel streaming protocol tailored for Powder Bed Fusion using a laser beam with metals (PBF-LB/M). Functional and non-functional requirements are systematically derived and taken into considerations in the design of the streaming protocol. Further, streaming is examined in three distinct DM scenarios, deriving cybersecurity risks and security requirements. A threat analysis is conducted and reveals critical inadequacies in cybersecurity. In response to these identified risks, targeted security measures are developed and integrated into the streaming protocol to effectively address each of the vulnerabilities uncovered during the analysis.The streaming protocol's feasibility is validated through software-in-the-loop and field tests. Both, functional and non-functional requirements are met by the streaming protocol. Furthermore, the thesis discusses the impact of the streaming protocol on business models and task distributions within the supply chain.

Events such as the COVID-19 pandemic have highlighted how vulnerable global supply chains are to disruptions caused by fluctuations in demand and availability. Distributed additive manufacturing is therefore gaining in importance, as it can increase flexibility in supply chains and reduce risks. However, it also raises questions about cybersecurity risks from data transfer across company boundaries. Streaming is a promising solution for securing data.