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The key point of interest of this work - poly(vinyl alcohol), PVAl - is a polymer of major industrial importance. World production of the polymer is approaching 500,000 tons per year and can be expected to increase as new application niches are being discovered. The traditional fields of PVAl application include paper production and/or coating, warp sizing, adhesives and protective colloids, films and other. However, chemical modification of PVAl further widens the possibilities of PVAl use. The book deals with a special group of PVAl derivatives - acrylated macromers. Such compounds can be...

This book provides a comprehensive analysis of the distribution of public money and its political and societal implications. Drawing on evidence from central and eastern Europe, it offers an innovative insight  into public responses to various strategies of public spending. Given that public expenditures are funded mainly from tax revenues, it also assesses public attitudes to politically motivated allocations of funds. The book seeks to identify how people evaluate the material benefits of funding in light of the fairness - or lack thereof - of the distribution process, whether popular...

Environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious. A lot of dangerous contaminants can reach from sewage to surface water, rivers, lakes, and in the end to drinking water. Heterogeneous photocatalysis is promising method how to remove these persistent organic pollutants. Titanium dioxide is suitable photocatalyst due to its excellent properties. This book describes preparation of thin titania layers by two techniques: material printing and chemical vapour deposition. Two methods of sol preparation were applied; sol-gel and hydrothermal synthesis. Photocatalystic activity was evaluated...