Technical Considerations in the Diagnostic Workup of Spinal Tumors.- A. Standard Radiographs.- I. Radionuclide Bone Scan.- II. Myelography.- III. Computed Tomography.- IV. Special Procedures.- References.- Primary Tumors of the Osseous Spine.- A. Introduction.- B. Genuine Tumors of Bony Origin.- I. Osteoid Osteoma.- II. Osteoblastoma.- III. Bone Islands.- IV. Osteosarcoma.- V. Chondrosarcoma.- VI. Osteochondroma.- VII. Osteoclastoma (Giant Cell Tumor).- VIII. Fibrosarcoma.- IX. Tumors Originating from the Bone Marrow and Blood Elements.- 1. Myeloma and Plasmocytoma.- 2. Reticulosarcoma, Ewing’s Sarcoma.- 3. Leukemias.- 4. Lymphosarcoma.- 5. Hodgkin’s Disease, Lymphomas.- 6. Myelosclerosis.- X. Tumors of Vascular Origin.- 1. Angiomas.- 2. Lymphangiomas.- 3. Cystic Angiomatosis.- 4. Hemangiosarcomas.- 5. Chordomas.- C. Pseudo- or Paratumoral Lesions.- I. Aneurysmal Cyst.- II. Eosinophilic Granuloma.- D. Conclusion.- Spinal Cord Tumors.- A. Introduction.- B. Radiologic Signs of Spinal Cord Tumors.- I. Plain Films of the Spine — Conventional Tomography.- II. Computed Tomography.- 1. Plain CT.- 2. CT with IV Contrast Injection.- 3. CT with IT Injection of Nonionic Water-Soluble Contrast Medium.- III. Myelography.- IV. Spinal Angiography.- V. Spinal Phlebography.- VI. Magnetic Resonance Imaging.- C. Intramedullary Tumors.- I. Ependymomas.- II. Astrocytomas.- III. Hemangioblastomas.- IV. Lipomas.- V. Rare Intramedullary Tumors.- Intramedullar Metastasis.- VI. Differential Diagnosis of Enlarged Spinal Cord.- D. Conclusion.- References.- Spinal Neurinomas.- A. Macroscopic Appearance.- B. Histology.- C. Clinical Course.- I. Duration of Evolution of the Clinical History.- II. Clinical Signs.- III. Examination of the Cerebrospinal Fluid.- D. Radiology.- I. Standard X-Rays.- II. Myelography.- 1. Intradural/Extramedullary Neurinomas.- 2. Extradural Neurinomas.- III. CT Scan.- 1. Intracanalar Neurinoma.- 2. Extradural Neurinomas Invading the Neural Foramen.- 3. Neurinomas Extending into the Paravertebral Space.- E. Therapy.- References.- Spinal Tumors in the Child.- A. Standard Roentgenographs.- B. Computed Tomography.- C. Water-Soluble Contrast Myelography.- D. CT Myelography.- E. Summary.- References.- Vertebral Hemangiomas.- A. Asymptomatic Vertebral Hemangioma.- B. Pseudotumorous Vertebral Hemangioma.- I. Physiopathology of the Neurologic Attack.- II. Clinical Features.- III. Symptoms.- IV. Radiologic Features.- C. Painful Vertebral Hemangiomas.- D. Cobb’s Syndrome or Metameric Angioma.- References.- Metastatic Disease of the Spine and Spinal Canal.- A. Frequency.- B. Dissemination Pathways.- C. Radiological Patterns of Bone Metastases of the Spine.- D. Radiological Signs of Intracanalar Lesions.- E. Differential Diagnosis.- I. Infectious Lesions.- II. Degenerative Lesions.- III. Diffuse Demineralization.- References.- Metastatic Disease of the Spine: The Contribution of Bone Scintigraphy.- A. Introduction.- B. Materials and Methods.- I. General Considerations.- II. Specific Data.- 1. Patients Studied.- 2. Scintigraphic Technique.- C. Results and Comments.- I. Data from the Literature.- II. Personal Results.- D. Discussion.- E. Summary and Conclusions.- References.
