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Ambiguous Genitalia -Term ambiguous genitalia applies to any infant with a confusing appearance of the external genitalia. This includes any infant with: i. A phallus and bilaterally non palpable testes. ii.Unilateral cryptorchidism and hypospadias iii.Penoscrotal or perineoscrotal hypospadias with or without microphallus even if testes are descended. IV.Discordance of external genitalia compared with prenatal karyotype. V.Apparently female appearance with enlarged clitoris or inguinal hernia. VI.Overt genital ambiguity such as cloacal exstophy. VII.Asymmetry of labioscrotal folds with or...

Tuberculosis has plagued mankind since the beginning of time. It has been estimated that one third of the people on the planet have been infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.The World Health Organization estimated that at least 180 million children aged less than 15 years were infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis worldwide.The infection is almost exclusively transmitted through air from patients with pulmonary disease. The risk of transmission is greatest if the index case is "sputum smear positive", and is directly proportional to the bacillary density in respiratory...