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This book provides a multidisciplinary approach for studying the management of change under conditions of complexity.

The focus if this book has two dimensions: theoretical and empirical. The theoretical dimension is concerned with the fitness of an organization to satisfactorily address processes of transformational change. Such fitness, it will be argued, can be expressed in terms of the coherence (degree of integration) and pathology (condition of ill health) of the organization being explored. In attempting to assess organizational fitness, a model that comes out of the field of knowledge cybernetics will be used and developed further as a strategic organizational map, and applied empirically. The...

The focus if this book has two dimensions: theoretical and empirical. The theoretical dimension is concerned with the fitness of an organization to satisfactorily address processes of transformational change. Such fitness, it will be argued, can be expressed in terms of the coherence (degree of integration) and pathology (condition of ill health) of the organization being explored. In attempting to assess organizational fitness, a model that comes out of the field of knowledge cybernetics will be used and developed further as a strategic organizational map, and applied empirically. The...

To satisfy the development of nanoscience and nanotechnology, techniques to characterize and fabricate nanostructures and nanodevices are in great demand. Laser, as a unique monochromatic and coherent light source, meets the needs because it exhibits the potential to reveal some vital information of the materials. However, the applications of laser technology to nanoscience and nanotechnology are facing a severe challenge: the spatial resolution cannot be further enhanced to achieve nanometer scales due to the optical diffraction limit associated with conventional optics. In response to this...