Visual Structures and Integrated Functions

ISBN-13: 9783540542414 / Angielski / Miękka / 1991 / 441 str.

Michael A. Arbib; Jarg-Peter Ewert

Opis

This volume integrates theory and experiment to place the study of vision within the context of the action systems which use visual information. This theme is developed by stressing: (a) The importance of situating anyone part of the brain in the context of its interactions with other parts of the brain in subserving animal behavior. The title of this volume emphasizes that visual function is to be be viewed in the context of the integrated functions of the organism. (b) Both the intrinsic interest of frog and toad as animals in which to study the neural mechanisms of visuomotor coordination, and the importance of comparative studies with other organisms so that we may learn from an analysis of both similarities and differences. The present volume thus supplements our studies of frog and toad with papers on salamander, bird and reptile, turtle, rat, gerbil, rabbit, and monkey. (c) Perhaps most distinctively, the interaction between theory and experiment.

Spis treści

Overview.- Neural Mechanisms of Visuomotor Coordination: The Evolution of Rana computatrix.- A Prospectus for the Fruitful Interaction Between Neuroethology and Neural Engineering.- From the Retina to the Brain.- A Computer Model to Visualize Change Sensitive Responses in the Salamander Retina.- Properties of Retinal and Retino-Tecto-Isthmo-Tectal Units in Frogs.- Distributed Processing in Vestibulo-Ocular and Other Oculomotor Subsystems in Monkeys and Cats.- Optic Chiasm Hemisection and the Parsing of Visual Information in Frogs.- Approach and Avoidance.- Directed Movement in the Frog: A Closer Look at a Central Representation of Spatial Location.- Prey-Catching and Predator Avoidance 1: Maps and Schemas.- Prey-Catching and Predator Avoidance 2: Modeling the Medullary Hemifield Deficit.- A Neural Network Model for Response to Looming Objects by Frog and Toad.- Control of Frog Evasive Direction: Triggering and Biasing Systems.- Approach and Avoidance Systems in the Rat.- Computation of Absolute Distance in the Mongolian Gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus): Depth Algorithms and Neural Substrates.- Generating Motor Trajectories.- Equilibrium Point Mechanisms in the Spinal Frog.- Actuator and Kinematic Redundancy in Biological Motor Control.- Motor Pattern Generators in Anuran Prey Capture.- From Tectum to Forebrain.- The Striatum and Short-Term Spatial Memory: From Frog to Man.- Multiple Brain Regions Cooperate in Sequential Saccade Generation.- Striato-Pretecto-Tectal Connections: A Substrate for Arousing the Toad’s Response to Prey.- Cortical Circuitry Underlying Visual Motion Analysis in Turtles.- Computational Significance of Lamination of the Telencephalon.- Information Processing in the Temporal Lobe Visual Cortical Areas of Macaques.- Development, Modulation, Learning, and Habituation.- Neural Mechanisms of Song Learning in a Passerine Bird.- Hormonal Regulation of Motor Systems: How Androgens Control Amplexus (Clasping) in Male Frogs.- Sensorimotor Learning and the Cerebellum.- Modulation of Prey-Catching Behavior in Toads: Data and Modeling.- Learning-Related Modulation of Toad’s Responses to Prey by Neural Loops Involving the Forebrain.- Dishabituation Hierarchies for Visual Pattern Discrimination in Toads: A Dialog Between Modeling and Experimentation.