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Thermoelectricity describes the physics of energy conversion, from heat to electric power, and from electric power to heat or cooling power in solids.

The working fluid consists of the conduction electrons. While this classical subject has a long and distinguished history, very recent developments in nanotechnologies have revolutionized the field. It was recognized in the 1990s that low-dimensional systems should result in materials with much better efficiencies than bulk materials, through low-dimensional effects on both charge carriers and lattice waves. Such improvements have...

This book was begun after three of the present authors gave a series of in- vited talks on the subject of the structure and properties of carbon filaments. This was at a conference on the subject of optical obscuration, for which submicrometer diameter filaments with high length-to-diameter ratios have potential applications. The audience response to these talks illustrated the need of just one scientific community for a broader knowledge of the struc- ture and properties of these interesting materials. Following the conference it was decided to expand the material presented in the conference...