Introduction ixPart 1. Presentation of Dual Innovation System 1Introduction to Part 1 3Chapter 1. Definitions of Technological Duality 51.1. Introduction 51.2. Duality 61.2.1. From spin-offs to duality 61.2.2. Technological duality 81.3. Actors and objectives of duality 161.3.1. Dual strategies of companies 171.3.2. Dual policies of innovation 221.4. Conclusion 27Chapter 2. The Knowledge System as Unit of Analysis 292.1. Introduction 292.2. Technological knowledge systems and knowledge dissemination 302.2.1. Unit of analysis 302.2.2. Knowledge dissemination 382.3. Knowledge dissemination and duality 472.3.1. Dual knowledge 472.3.2. Dual process of knowledge dissemination 522.4. Conclusion 56Chapter 3. Definition and Operation of Dual Innovation System 573.1. Introduction 573.2. Dual innovation system 573.2.1. Approach in terms of IS 573.2.2. Definition of a DIS 623.3. Objectives and functions of a DIS 663.3.1. In economic and technological terms 663.3.2. Duality measure within a DIS 683.3.3. DIS for the autonomous vehicle 703.4. Conclusion 72Conclusion to Part 1 73Part 2. Methodological Tools and Empirical Study of the Duality of Technological Systems 75Introduction to Part 2 77Chapter 4. Identification of Technological Knowledge Systems in Defense 834.1. Introduction 834.2. EDT and analysis of knowledge flows 844.2.1. Economic dominance theory 844.2.2. Application to knowledge analysis through patents 944.3. Graph theory applied to technological knowledge systems 984.3.1. TKS identification method 984.3.2. Application to knowledge flows 1004.4. Conclusion 104Chapter 5. Evaluation of the Dual Potential of Technological Knowledge Systems: Analysis in Terms of Coherence 1055.1. Introduction 1055.2. Technological coherence 1065.2.1. Theory of relatedness and coherence 1065.2.2. Duality scale in relation to TKS internal structure 1105.3. Analysis of the duality of technological knowledge systems 1185.4. Conclusion 143Chapter 6. Analysis of the Dual Influence of Technological Knowledge Systems 1456.1. Introduction 1456.2. Influence and duality 1466.2.1. Internal influence and external influence 1476.2.2. Measures of influence 1536.3. Dual analysis of influence 1596.3.1. The indicators 1596.3.2. Analysis of the duality of a TKS 1636.4. Conclusion 180Conclusion to Part 2 183General Conclusion 185References 191Index 209
Francois-Xavier Meunier is an entrepreneur and researcher in innovation economics at the Applied Economics Unit of ENSTA Paris, France. He develops tools for both the academic and professional spheres to evaluate and improve the innovation performance of technology companies.