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The Patrons of Husbandry or the Grange is the longest-lived U.S. agricultural society and, since its founding shortly after the Civil War, has had immeasurable influence on social change as enacted by ordinary Americans. The Grange sought to relieve the struggles of small farmers by encouraging collaboration. Pathbreaking for its inclusion of women, the Grange is also well known for its association with Gilded-Age laws aimed at curbing the monopoly power of railroads.
In "Essentials, Unity" takes as its focus Grange founder Oliver Kelley and his home organization in Minnesota. Jenny...

The Patrons of Husbandry or the Grange is the longest-lived U.S. agricultural society and, since its founding shortly after the Civil War, has had immeasurable influence on social change as enacted by ordinary Americans. The Grange sought to relieve the struggles of small farmers by encouraging collaboration. Pathbreaking for its inclusion of women, the Grange is also well known for its association with Gilded-Age laws aimed at curbing the monopoly power of railroads.
In "Essentials, Unity" takes as its focus Grange founder Oliver Kelley and his home organization in Minnesota. Jenny...

When Lincoln took office, in March 1861, the national government had no power to touch slavery in the states where it existed. Lincoln understood this, and said as much in his first inaugural address, noting: I have no purpose, directly or indirectly, to interfere with the institution of slavery in the States where it exists. How, then, asks Paul Finkelman in the introduction to "Lincoln, Congress, and Emancipation, " did Lincoln who personally hated slavery lead the nation through the Civil War to January 1865, when Congress passed the constitutional amendment that ended slavery...

During the long decade from 1848 to 1861 America was like a train speeding down the track, without an engineer or brakes. The new territories acquired from Mexico had vastly increased the size of the nation, but debate over their status-and more importantly the status of slavery within them-paralyzed the nation. Southerners gained access to the territories and a draconian fugitive slave law in the Compromise of 1850, but this only exacerbated sectional tensions. Virtually all northerners, even those who supported the law because they believed that it would preserve the union, despised...