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The Spanish began to settle New Mexico in the sixteenth century, and although scholars have long known the names of those settlers, this is the first book to place the colonists on the map. Using documentary, genealogical, and archaeological sources, Elinore M. Barrett depicts the settlement patterns of Spaniards in New Mexico from the beginning of colonization in 1598 up to 1680, when the Pueblo Revolt forced the colonists to retreat for a time. Barrett describes the natural environment and the Pueblo villages that the Spanish colonists encountered, as well as the activities of the Spanish...

This book forces a rethinking of our understanding of the Pueblo Indians of New Mexico between the beginning of Spanish exploration in 1540 and the aftermath of revolt and reconquest at the end of the 1600s. Specifically, Pueblo losses of settlements and population are reinterpreted in a masterful synthesis of history, archaeology, and human geography, including discussion of the natural environment based on paleoclimate reconstructions. Barrett shows that the greatest loss of Pueblo settlements occurred in the 1630s when 51 percent of the Rio Grande pueblos were abandoned in the wake of...