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During the heady, democratic days of the fifth and fourth centuries, the poorer members of Athenian society, the lower two classes of zeugitai and thetes, enjoyed an unprecedented dominance in both domestic and foreign politics. At home, the participatory nature of the constitution required their presence not only in the lawcourts and assembly, but also in most of the minor magistracies; abroad, they were the driving force of the navy, which ensured Athens' control of the Aegean and the Black seas. Their participation at all levels was made possible by state pay (for jury...

Why, when and how does aggression go wrong?

How can we make sense of apparently meaningless destructiveness and violence

Aggression is a part of human nature that energises our relationships, acts as an impetus for psychic development, and enables us to master our world. More often, we focus on its more destructive aspects, such as the violence individuals inflict on themselves or others and overlook the positive functions of aggression.

In Aggression and Destructiveness Celia Harding brings together contributions from experienced psychoanalysts and...

First published between 1982 and 1983, this series examines the peculiarly American cultural context out of which the nation s literature has developed. Covering the years from 1830 to 1865, this second volume of "American Literature in Context" examines twelve major American writers of the three decades before the Civil War, including Edgar Allan Poe, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, Herman Melville and Walt Whitman. The book also analyses the writing of two contemporary historians, an intellectual Journalist and Abraham Lincoln. Among the major themes discussed the religious...

Lieutenant Hugh Barr Miller, a prewar football star at the University of Alabama, went into the water as the vessel sank. Severely injured, Miller and several others...

Longlisted for the Orwell Prize

Named a Best Book of the Year by The Times (London), New Statesman (London), Daily Express (London), and Commonweal Magazine

In the summer of 1993, Thomas Harding traveled to Germany with his grandmother to visit a small house by a lake on the outskirts of Berlin. It had been a holiday home for her and her family, but in the 1930s, she had been forced to flee to England as the Nazis swept to power. Nearly twenty years later, the house was government property and soon to be demolished. It was Harding's legacy,...