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This book proposes applications of tensor decomposition to unsupervised feature extraction and feature selection. The author posits that although supervised methods including deep learning have become popular, unsupervised methods have their own advantages. He argues that this is the case because unsupervised methods are easy to learn since tensor decomposition is a conventional linear methodology. This book starts from very basic linear algebra and reaches the cutting edge methodologies applied to difficult situations when there are many features (variables) while only small number of...

Pragmatic competence plays a key role in the era of globalization where communication across cultural boundaries is an everyday phenomenon. The ability to use language in a socially appropriate manner is critical, as lack of it may lead to cross-cultural miscommunication or cultural stereotyping. This book describes second language learners' development of pragmatic competence. It proposes an original theoretical framework combining a pragmatics and psycholinguistics approach, and uses a variety of research instruments, both quantitative and qualitative, to describe pragmatic development...

Der spate Husserl spricht von dem "Ur-Ich" als dem Ich, das der transzendentalen Intersubjektivitat in einem gewissen Sinne vorangeht. Dies besagt aber nicht, dass es ein solipsistisches Ich ware, das dem Anderen einseitig voranginge. Der Terminus "Ur-Ich" zeigt vielmehr die Ursprunglichkeit einer asymmetrischen und irreversiblen Relation zwischen Ich und Anderem zugespitzt an. Um dies zu zeigen, befragt die vorliegende Untersuchung das erfahrende Bewusstsein, in dem das Ich sich selbst in einzigartiger Weise gegeben ist. Diese Selbsterfahrung ist uns im gewohnlichen Leben allzu...

In the process of second language acquisition, the ability to interact effectively is critical. But what does it mean to be interactively competent? This book addresses this question by presenting research on the development of interactional competence among learners of Japanese as a second language. Qualitative data collected on learners studying abroad in Japan is evaluated to explain changes in their interactional competence and provides specific insights into the learning of Japanese. The situated analysis of multiple data sets generates meaningful interpretations of the development of...

Pragmatic competence plays a key role in the era of globalization where communication across cultural boundaries is an everyday phenomenon. The ability to use language in a socially appropriate manner is critical, as lack of it may lead to cross-cultural miscommunication or cultural stereotyping. This book describes second language learners' development of pragmatic competence. It proposes an original theoretical framework combining a pragmatics and psycholinguistics approach, and uses a variety of research instruments, both quantitative and qualitative, to describe pragmatic development...