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Today's large language models excel at pattern recall yet falter on long-range planning, self-critique, context loss, and the tendency of maximum-likelihood training to reward popularity over quality. MACI offers a promising route to AGI by orchestrating specialized LLM agents through explicit protocols rather than enlarging a single model. Several modules remedy complementary weaknesses: adversarial-collaborative debate surfaces hidden assumptions; critical-reading rubrics filter incoherent arguments; information-theoretic signals steer dialogue quantitatively; transactional memory...

In America after the Civil War, the emancipation of four million slaves and the explosion of Chinese immigration fundamentally challenged traditional ideas about who belonged in the national polity. As Americans struggled to redefine citizenship in the United States, the "Negro Problem" and the "Chinese Question" dominated the debate.

During this turbulent period, which witnessed the Supreme Court's "Plessy v. Ferguson" decision and passage of the Chinese Exclusion Act, among other restrictive measures, American Baptists promoted religion instead of race as the primary marker of...

Classic biostatistics, a branch of statistical science, has as its main focus the applications of statistics in public health, the life sciences, and the pharmaceutical industry. Modern biostatistics, beyond just a simple application of statistics, is a confluence of statistics and knowledge of multiple intertwined fields. The application demands, the advancements in computer technology, and the rapid growth of life science data (e.g., genomics data) have promoted the formation of modern biostatistics. There are at least three characteristics of modern biostatistics: (1) in-depth...

Delicious Tofu is a well-researched and carefully-crafted cookbook, written by a native tofu chef. Angela Chang was born in China and raised in Taiwan, where tofu is inseparable from the culinary landscape. The following features are what make this book stand out:

- It offers an unprecedented mixture of authentic information with engaging stories from Chinese history, legends, and current tofu culture for reading pleasure, as well as helpful culinary background.
- It reveals the fact that tofu is for both meat lovers as well as vegetarians. To achieve the best results, the...