Towards Responsible Machine Translation: Ethical and Legal Considerations in Machine Translation

ISBN-13: 9783031146886 / Angielski / Twarda / 2023 / 233 str.

Helena Moniz;Carla Parra Escartin

Opis

This book is a diverse contribution to the field of ethics primarily within the machine translation field. Included is a broad overview of the ethical approaches from different fields: philosophy, legislation, and linguistics and specifically, the text form. Further topics covered are speech-to-speech translation, idiosyncratic speech, and multimedia translation. This text appeals to students and researchers in linguists, philosophy, and law as well as professionals working in these fields.

Spis treści

Chapter 1.           Introduction (Helena Moniz & Carla Parra Escartín)

Part I: Responsible Machine Translation: Ethical, Philosophical and Legal Aspects

Chapter 2.           Prolegomenon to Contemporary Ethics of Machine Translation (Wessel Reijers, Robert Schuman Centre, European University Institute (EUI), San Domenico di Fiesole, Italy; Quinn Dupont, School of Business, University College Dublin (UCD), Dublin, Ireland)

Chapter 3.           The Ethics of Machine Translation (Alexandros Nousias, National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Athens, Greece)

Chapter 4.           Licensing and Usage Rights of Language Data in Machine Translation (Mikel Forcada, Dept. de Llenguatges i Sistemes Informàtics, Universitat d’Alacant, Alacant, Spain / Prompsit Language Engineering, Alacant, Spain)

Chapter 5.           Authorship and Rights Ownership in the Machine Translation Era (Miguel Lacruz Mantecón, School of Law, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain)

Part II: Responsible Machine Translation from the End-User Perspective

Chapter 6.           The Ethics of Machine Translation Post-editing in the Translation Ecosystem (Celia Rico, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; María del Mar Sánchez Ramos, University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain)

Chapter 7.           Ethics and Machine Translation: The End User Perspective (Ana Guerberof-Arenas, University of Surrey, Surrey, United Kingdom / University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Joss Moorkens, Dublin City University (DCU), Dublin, Ireland)

Chapter 8.           Ethics, Automated Processes, Machine Translation, and Crises (Federico Federici, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom; Christophe Declercq, Utrecht University, Netherlands / University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom; Jorge Díaz Cintas, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom; Rocío Baños Piñero, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom)

Part III: Responsible Machine Translation: Societal Impact

Chapter 9.           Gender and Age Bias in Commercial Machine Translation (Federico Bianchi, Bocconi University, Milan, Italy; Tommaso Fornaciari, Bocconi University, Milan, Italy; Dirk Hovy, Bocconi University, Milan, Italy; Debora Nozza, Bocconi University, Milan, Italy)

Chapter 10.         The Ecological Footprint of Neural Machine Translation Systems (Dimitar Shterionov, Department of Cognitive Science And Artificial Intelligence, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands; Eva Vanmassenhove, Department of Cognitive Science And Artificial Intelligence, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands)

Chapter 11.         Treating Speech as Personable Identifiable Information -- Impact in Machine Translation (Isabel Trancoso, University of Lisbon, INESC-ID, Lisbon, Portugal; Francisco Teixeira, University of Lisbon, INESC-ID, Lisbon, Portugal; Catarina Botelho, University of Lisbon, INESC-ID, Lisbon, Portugal; Alberto Abad, University of Lisbon, INESC-ID, Lisbon, Portugal)

 

 

O autorze

Helena Moniz is the President of the European Association for Machine Translation (EAMT) and Vice President of the International Association for Machine Translation (IAMT). She is also the Vice-coordinator of the Human Language Technologies Lab at INESC-ID. Helena is an Assistant Professor at the School of Arts and Humanities at the University of Lisbon, where she teaches Computational Linguistics, Computer Assisted Translation, and Machine Translation Systems and Post-editing. She graduated in Modern Languages and Literature at School of Arts and Humanities, University of Lisbon (FLUL), in 1998. She received a Master’s degree in Linguistics at FLUL, in 2007, and a PhD in Linguistics at FLUL in cooperation with the Technical University of Lisbon (IST), in 2013. She has been working at INESC-ID/CLUL since 2000, in several national and international projects involving multidisciplinary teams of linguists and speech processing engineers. Within these fruitful collaborations, she participated in 19 national and international projects. Since 2015, she is also the PI of a bilateral project with INESC-ID/Unbabel, a translation company combining AI + post-editing, working on scalable Linguistic Quality Assurance processes for crowdsourcing. She was responsible for the creation of the Linguistic Quality Assurance processes developed at Unbabel for Linguistic Annotation and Editors' Evaluation. She now is working mostly on research projects involving Linguistics, Translation, and AI.  

Carla Parra Escartín is Research Manager within the R&D department of RWS Language Weaver. She holds a M.A. in English Philology from the University of Zaragoza (Spain), a M.A. Degree in Translation and Interpreting, and a M.A. in Applied Linguistics, both from the Pompeu Fabra University (Barcelona, Spain), and a PhD in Computational Linguistics from the University of Bergen (Norway). She has over ten years of research experience in linguistic infrastructures, human factors in machine translation and multiword expressions (MWEs). Throughout her career she has worked in various EU-funded projects and actions (LIRICS, CLARIN, FLaReNet, CLARA, PARSEME, DASISH, EXPERT, EDGE, INTERACT), as well as nationally-funded projects in Spain (TACOC, CLARIN-CAT) and Norway (CLARINO). During her research career she has produced over 60 scientific publications including book chapters, journal articles, conference papers and deliverables. She has been awarded three Marie Skłodowska-Curie fellowships (one pre-doctoral and two post-doctoral) and has served as a reviewer for the most prestigious venues in Machine Translation and Computational Linguistics, including ACL, EMNLP, WMT, EAMT, COLING and MT Summit. Between 2018 and 2020 she was a member of the Standing Committee of the SIGLEX-MWE, a special interest group focusing on research in MWEs. She is also a member of the Editorial Board of the Phraseology and the Multiword Expressions Series (LangSci Press).  

Blurb

This book is a contribution to the research community towards thinking and reflecting on what Responsible Machine Translation really means. It was conceived as an open dialogue across disciplines, from philosophy to law, with the ultimate goal of providing a wide spectrum of topics to reflect on. It covers aspects related to the development of Machine translation systems, as well as its use in different scenarios, and the societal impact that it may have. This text appeals to students and researchers in linguistics, translation, natural language processing, philosophy, and law as well as professionals working in these fields.