1. Background2. Physicochemical Properties and Advanced Characterizations of Graphene and Surface Engineered Graphene3. State-of-the-art Synthesis Approaches4. Theoretical Modelling of Graphene and Surface Engineered Graphene5. Surface Engineering of Graphene: A Novel Route for Composite Preparation and Functionalization6. Fundamentals of Electrocatalysis and Key Parameters for Catalyst Performance Evaluation7. Application of Surface Engineered Graphene in Electrocatalysis8. Theoretical Insight for Electrocatalytic Application of Graphene Based Materials9. Perspectives for Future Development