Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere for Environmental Security

ISBN-13: 9781402050886 / Angielski / Twarda / 2006 / 353 str.

Agnes Perrin; Najate Ben Sari-Zizi; Jean Demaison

Opis

Recent ecological disasters make human beings aware of changes in the Earth s climate. At the present time anthropogenic activities lead to the emission of greenhouse gases, pollutants, aerosols and ozone depleting substances and the scientific community in general feels responsible for understanding how changes in atmospheric chemistry can affect the Earth s climate. A NATO Advanced Research Workshop (ARW) was organized at Rabat (Morocco) on the 17-19th of November 2005 on the "Remote sensing of the Atmosphere for Environmental Security."

The first part of the proceedings describes the current capabilities of various satellite experiments which are performing measurements of the Earth s atmosphere, as for example some of the results obtained recently by three experiments onboard the ENVISAT Environment Satellite (ENVISAT), namely, the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME), the SCanning Imaging Absorption for Atmospheric CHartographY (SCIAMACHY) and the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS). For the analysis of spectra recorded by these instruments it is necessary to make good use of efficient radiative transfer codes. These computer codes need as input, a dataset of high quality spectroscopic parameters which can be generated only through a careful analysis of high quality laboratory measurements. In addition some of the future satellite missions which are under preparation at the European Space Agency (ESA) are briefly described.

The characterisation of pollution in urban areas and the growing lack of water in many countries of the Mediterranean area are of universal concern. The extreme variability of the properties of aerosols in arid and semi arid areas is presented in the context of an experiment performed at Cairo (in Egypt). Finally, the understanding of climate chemistry couplings requires that ground-based and satellite information be confronted with the results of chemical transport and atmospheric models collected and discussed in the frame of international agencies. "

Spis treści

Preface. 1. Spectroscopic measurements of tropospheric composition from satellite measurements in the ultraviolet and visible: Steps toward continuous pollution monitoring from space; K. Chance.- 2. ESA spectroscopy studies in support of spaceborne atmospheric composition sounding; J. Langen.- 3. The MIPAS experiment aboard ENVISAT: remote sensing of atmospheric composition; H. Fischer.- 4. Performance of the operational retrieval code for MIPAS on ENVISAT and possible improvements of retrieval techniques for environment and climate; B. Carli et al.- 5. New measurements of trace species in the upper troposphere from infra-red spectra of the atmosphere; J.J. Remedios et al.- 6. Remote sensing of the Non-LTE atmosphere; M. Lôpez-Puertas, and B. Funke.- 7. Quantitative spectroscopy and atmospheric measurements; J.-M. Flaud et al.- 8. Quantitative laboratory spectroscopy of atmospheric trace gases; J. Vander Auwera.- 9. Global modeling of high-resolution spectra of linear molecules C02, N2O and C2H2; V.I. Perevalov et al.- 10. CDSD-296, the high-precision carbon dioxide spectroscopic databank: version for atmospheric applications; S.A. Tashkun et al.- 11.Theoretical quantitative spectroscopy: computer simulation of molecular spectra; S. N. Yurchenko et al.- 12. Recent results on infrared molecular line broadening and shift parameters; M.-A.H. Smith .- 13. Half-widths and line shifts of water vapor for atmospheric applications: measurement and theory; R. Gamache and B.K. Antony.- 14. Quantitative rotational spectroscopy for atmospheric research; G. Wlodarczak et al.- 15. Pressure- broadening of the 22.2 GHz line of water: basic results for remote sensing of the atmosphere; G. Cazzoli, et al.- 16. Rotational spectroscopy at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory; B.J. Drouin.- 17. Correlation between precipitable water and rainfall using Global Positioning System (GPS) technique; A. Fadil and D. Ben Sar.- 18. Extreme variability ofaerosol optical properties: the Cairo aerosol characterization experiment case study; S. Alfaro and M. Abdel Wahab.- 19. Urban air pollution and its photochemistry studied by laser spectroscopic methods; Z. Zelinger et al.- 20. The atmospheric chemistry Ether group: expertise and database; Ph. Ricaud et al.- 21. An integrated approach to study the chemistry-climate interactions in the atmosphere; P.C. Simon et al.- List of contributors.- Index of subjects.