Preface xxv

PART I BASIC DATABASE CONCEPTS 1

1 THE DATABASE APPROACH 3

2 OVERVIEW OF MAJOR COMPONENTS 36

PART II DATABASE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS 67

3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE DATABASE ENVIRONMENT 69

4 DATABASE DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE 93

PART III CONCEPTUAL DATA MODELING 141

5 DATA MODELING BASICS 143

6 OBJECT–BASED DATA MODEL: PRINCIPLES AND COMPONENTS 167

7 ENTITY–RELATIONSHIP DATA MODEL 206

PART IV THE RELATIONAL DATA MODEL 237

8 RELATIONAL DATA MODEL FUNDAMENTALS 239

9 SEMANTIC DATA MODEL TO RELATIONAL DATA MODEL 273

10 DATA NORMALIZATION METHOD 303

PART V DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION 331

11 COMPLETING THE LOGICAL DESIGN 333

12 THE PHYSICAL DESIGN PROCESS 351

13 SPECIAL IMPLEMENTATION CONSIDERATIONS 385

PART VI DATABASE ADMINISTRATION AND MAINTENANCE 423

14 OVERVIEW OF ADMINISTRATION FUNCTIONS 425

15 DATA INTEGRITY 446

16 DATABASE SECURITY 495

17 ONGOING MAINTENANCE AND GROWTH 525

PART VII ADVANCED DATABASE TOPICS 551

18 DISTRIBUTED DATABASE SYSTEMS 553

19 DATABASE SYSTEMS AND THE WEB 598

20 TRENDS IN DATABASE TECHNOLOGY 636

APPENDICES 685

A Legacy System Models: Hierarchical and Network 687

B Codd′s Relational Rules 692

C Diagramming Conventions and Symbols 694

D Use of CASE tools 700

E Review of major commercial DBMSs 703

F Database Design and Development Summary 712

References 716

Glossary 718

Index 729

PAULRAJ PONNIAH, PhD, a veteran IT professional, specializes in the design and implementation of database and data warehouse systems, as well as in teaching database and data warehouse courses.

The first and only database primer for today’s global economy

Today’s businesses depend on their databases to provide information essential for their day–to–day operations and to help them take advantage of today’s rapidly growing and maturing electronic commerce opportunities. The primary responsibility for the design and maintenance of these databases rests with a company’s information technology department.

Unlike other IT resources currently available that tend to focus on a particular product, Database Design and Development: An Essential Guide for IT Professionals was created to give today’s IT directors and other IT staff a solid basic knowledge of database design and development to help them make educated decisions about the right database environment for their companies. Today’s IT professionals must understand the fundamentals in order to determine their next steps for specializing in the vast field of database technology.

Database Design and Development: An Essential Guide for IT Professionals answers such common questions as:

• What is the purpose of a database system?
• What are the components of a database system?
• What type of data does your company need to capture?
• How do you design a database for a particular goal?
• How do you capture information through data modeling?
• How do you determine which database will best meet your business objectives?
• What’s involved in effective database management and maintenance?
• How are database systems used to interface with the Internet?

With more than twenty–five years of experience teaching IT courses and designing databases for some of America’s top institutions, the author has succeeded in creating an essential resource for today’s IT managers as well as for students planning a career in information technology.