Joshua D. Zimmerman is an Associate Professor of History and the Eli and Diana Zborowski Professorial Chair in Holocaust Studies and East European Jewish History at Yeshiva University in New York. He is the author of Poles, Jews and the Politics of Nationality: The Bund and the Polish Socialist Party in Late Tsarist Russia and the editor of two contributed volumes: Contested Memories: Poles and Jews during the Holocaust and its Aftermath and Jews in Italy under Fascist and Nazi Rule, 1922 1945.