Edward Tipping works at the Natural Environment Research Council Centre for Ecology and Hydrology in Cumbria, England, and is a Visiting Professor at the University of Lancaster. After receiving his PhD from the University of Manchester in 1973, he spent five years at the Middlesex Hospital Medical School researching cancer biochemistry. He has spent short periods in laboratories in Finland, Sweden, the USA, Norway and the Netherlands, and published over 120 papers in international journals.