R. Subramanian retired as Professor and Head of the Civil Engineering Department, National Institute of Technical Teachers Training and Research, Chandigarh. He holds a bachelor's degree in civil engineering from Kerala University and a master's degree in structural engineering from the University of Roorkee. He has over 35 years of experience in teaching subjects such as applied mechanics, strength of materials, theory of structures, and other related subjects to both undergraduate and postgraduate studenmts. He has worked for several years in the area of teacher training, curriculum de...