Robert Porfirio, together with Alain Silver, Elizabeth Ward and James Ursini have written, edited, or contributed to more than a dozen books about film noir, from its key films to its literary and visual modus operandi, including "The Noir Style," "Raymond Chandler's Los Angeles," "L.A. Noir: the City as Character," "Femme Fatale," and four volumes of the "Film Noir Reader" series.