About the Editor: Sidney Pollard is Professor of Economic History at the University of Beilefeld, West Germany. His previous publications include The Idea of Progress and The Economic Integration of Europe, 1870-1914. About the Consultant Editors: Carlo Cipolla teaches at the University of California, Berkeley, and is the author of Guns and Sails and many other noted works on economic and cultural history. David Landes teaches at Harvard University, and is the author of The Unbound Prometheus and other books on economic history.