Mark A. Pollack is an Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, where he teaches classes in international relations and comparative European politics. He received his B.A. in political science from Rutgers University in 1988, and his Ph.D. from Harvard University in 1995, and he served for two years as Senior Research Fellow and Visiting Professor at the European University Institute in Florence, Italy. Ernst-Ulrich Petersmann is Professor of International and European Law at the European University Institute, Florence.