Boris Martinac graduated in Physics from the Rheinish-Westphalian Technical University in Aachen, Germany in 1976 and received his PhD in Biophysics from the same university in 1980. His doctoral research on ion flux measurements across the cell membrane of a ciliate Paramecium was supervised by Eilo Hildebrand at the Research Centre JA1/4lich. He then did postdoctoral work on electrophysiology of ciliates with Hans Machemer at the Ruhr University in Bochum. From there he moved in 1983 to the laboratory of Ching Kung at the University of Wisconsin, Madison where he used the patch clamp techniq...