Hartmut Kaelble has been Professor Emeritus at Humboldt University in Berlin since 2009. From 1971-1991, he was Professor of social history at Free University Berlin and from 1991-2008 at Humboldt University. He has been a visiting Professor at Harvard University, St. Antony's College Oxford, Maison des Sciences le l'Homme (Paris), EHESS and Sorbonne (Paris I). His most recent book is History of Europe 1945-1989 (Beck 2011), and he has also published widely on comparative history, history of Franco-German relations, history of European democracy during the 19th and 20th centuries, the history