Harald zur Hausen studied medicine at the Universities of Bonn, Hamburg and Dü sseldorf, gaining his MD in 1960. He was a research fellow at the University of Dü sseldorf and the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, before being appointed assistant professor at the University of Pennsylvania in 1968. He joined the University of Wü rzburg one year later, initially as a senior scientist and then as a private lecturer. From 1972 to 1977 he was Professor of Virology at the University of Erlangen-Nü rnberg, and then at the University of Freiburg until 1983. Thereafter, he was ap...