William Edward Burghardt Du Bois (1868-1963) was an American sociologist, author, and cofounder of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). His pioneering work The Philadelphia Negro: A Social Study was originally published in 1890 by, and remains available from, the University of Pennsylvania Press. Robert Gregg is Associate Professor of History, Richard Stockton College of New Jersey. He is the author of Inside Out, Outside In: Essays in Comparative History.