William R. Goulding was one of New York City's finest makers of surgical instruments in the 1840s. Patricia A. Etter is Librarian and Curator Emeritus of the Labriola Center, an American Indian Research Library at Arizona State University. She is author of To California on the Southern Route, 1849: A History and Annotated Bibliography. Howard R. Lamar is Sterling Professor of History Emeritus at Yale University and the author of The Far Southwest, 1846 1912: A Territorial History.