JOSEPH S. ELIAS is an Associate Professor of Science Education at the Kutztown University of Pennsylvania. He holds a B.S. in biology (Kutztown University, 1971), a M.S. in science education (Temple University, 1976), and a doctorate in science education (Temple University, 1989). He has been teaching pre-service secondary education science majors for over 14 years. He also is a university supervisor of secondary education clinical students and teacher interns. Dr. Elias teaches in the graduate school at Kutztown University as well. His graduate courses include methods of research in biology a...