IVAR EKELAND is a former President of Universite Paris-Dauphine, and held the Canada Research Chair in Mathematical Economics at the University of British Columbia until his retirement in 2011. He is the founding editor of the "Annales de l Institut Henri Poincare-Analyse non lineaire" and he currently Editor in Chief of "Mathematics and Financial Economics". He has also written numerous books and papers in mathematics, economics and finance, and he is also a regular contributor to the journal "Nature" as well as to the magazine "Pour la Science".