James C. Dingley, PhD, is visiting research fellow at Queen's University, Belfast, UK; and chairman of the Francis Hutcheson Institute, also in Belfast. Previously he was head of the Business and Management Department at the University of Kurdistan-Hawler, Iraq; and former lecturer in political sociology and sociology of organizations at University of Ulster, Coleraine, UK. Dingley received his doctorate at the University of London and his master of philosophy at the University of Ulster. He has lectured on terrorism and political violence at Ulster and Kurdistan-Hawler and on nations and nati...