Joseph N. Cooper has worked inside four United States presidential administrations. During the two Reagan administrations, he was a high-ranking black Republican appointee. He was national director of the Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs in the U.S. Department of Labor where he fought hard and long to keep the affirmative action program alive and well. He resigned to protest administration policies because he said some Administration officials was "paying only lip service" to anti-discrimination laws. As an assistant director in the Minority Business Development Agency, where he