Robert K. Ax, Ph.D., received his doctorate in clinical psychology from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, and practiced in state and federal corrections for more than 20 years. He is a licensed clinical psychologist (Virginia), a Fellow of the American Psychological Association (APA), a member of the Canadian Psychological Association (CPA), and a former President of the APA Division of Psychologists in Public Service (18). He has twice been the recipient of Division 18 s Distinguished Service Award, and in 2009 received its highest honor, the Harold Hildreth Award. He was t...